Difference between revisions of "Eclipse on Gumstix for new users"
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[http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/ Download] the Eclipse IDE for Java Developers for your Operating System: www.eclipse.org | [http://www.eclipse.org/downloads/ Download] the Eclipse IDE for Java Developers for your Operating System: www.eclipse.org | ||
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:* it is ''not'' necessary to install the Eclipse software; just double-click on the application once it has finished downloading | :* it is ''not'' necessary to install the Eclipse software; just double-click on the application once it has finished downloading | ||
Revision as of 08:41, 20 July 2010
This guide provides step-by-step instructions for using the Eclipse Integrated Development Environment (IDE) to develop applications for the Gumstix COMs.
We'll walk through these tasks:
- setting up Eclipse
- connection to your Gumstix system
- creating a simple "Hello, World!" Python program
- running a web server
- installing new packages on your Gumstix
- creating a small graphical Java application
- remote debugging of your Java application
- natively-compiling C/C++ code on your Gumstix
- remote debugging C/C++ using the GDB server interface
We will also explain how to set up a cross-compilation toolchain so you can develop C/C++ applications on your development computer and upload them to your Gumstix.
Remember, Gumstix COMs are fully-fledged, albeit tiny, Linux systems so there are many tools we don't cover here. For example, this document explains how to use the powerful OpenEmbedded build system within Eclipse.
Required Tools:
- any Windows, Apple or Linux computer with a USB port
- recent version of the Java Runtime Environment (available here)
- a Gumstix COM running up-to-date software
- any expansion board of the Gumstix Overo series, such as Chestnut or Tobi, that has both a USB console port and a 10/100
- Ethernet jack
- a 5V power supply
- an ethernet cable and internet connection
- a mini-A to Standard-A USB cable
- a bootable microSD card (only needed for native C/C++ compilation)
Contents
Download Eclipse
Download the Eclipse IDE for Java Developers for your Operating System: www.eclipse.org
- it is not necessary to install the Eclipse software; just double-click on the application once it has finished downloading
- when prompted, choose a workspace folder in which you want to store your projects and your configuration information
- then click through to the Eclipse workbench itself
Install Plugins
For developers, a great variety of additional features can be added to Eclipse from various repositories of plug-ins known as Update Sites. To install a new plugin in Eclipse, first select the Update Site.
- navigate to Help->Install New Software...
- select the update site for your version of Eclipse from the "Work with"dropdown menu
Hint: If the update site is not available, you can add it by clicking the 'Add...' button on the right. For the Galileo release, you can use the URL http://dowload.eclipse.org/releases/galileo
As we are working with a remote system, we'll install the Remote System Explorer plugin.
- search for the Remote System Explorer End-User Runtime plugin
- select it for installation
Still in Eclipse,
- select "Next".... twice
- select the radio button to "ACCEPT" the terms of the license agreement
- choose "Yes" to restart Eclipse for the changes to take effect
Once Eclipse has restarted, let's add two other useful plugins that allow connection to the console port of our Gumstix without needing a terminal emulator program such as kermit or TeraTerm. From within Eclipse,
- navigate to Help->Install New Software
- search on "Target" to find the Target Manager Terminal
- select the Target Manager Terminal
- click "Next"
- click "Finish" to complete installation
- choose "Yes" to restart Eclipse for the changes to take effect
We'll also need to add a new update site by doing these steps in Eclipse:
- navigate to Help->Install New Software...
- click the "Add..." button
- type http://rxtx.qbang.org/eclipse into the Location field and create a name
- Click the "OK" button
Go into the sub-directory as shown below to select the RXTX End-User Runtime plugin that this site provides.
- click "Next" twice
- select the radio button to "ACCEPT" the terms of the license agreement
- click "OK" at the security warning window
- click "Finish" to complete installation
- choose the "Yes" button to restart Eclipse for the changes to take effect
Connect Your Gumstix
Now it is time to connect your Gumstix---let's get started by establishing a console connection.
- mount your Gumstix COM down on to your expansion board
- plug the mini-A USB plug into the port marked CONSOLE and end of the cable into a standard USB port on your computer
Hint: Your computer should detect your Gumstix system when you first connect the USB cable, even though the power is not yet turned on. On Macintosh and Windows systems, a pop-up window should appear instructing you to download a new driver (do so) or notifying you that a USBserial device has been detected. If not, you can download drivers from this site. Choose the "VCP" driver. Once you have downloaded this driver, make sure to unplug and then replug the USB cable running from your computer to your Gumstix expansion board so the Gumstix will be recognized by your computer.
- connect your Gumstix to the internet using an ethernet cable
NOTE: You still have NOT plugged the power cable in to the Gumstix expansion board! This diagram shows the locations of the USB 'CONSOLE' port and the 'POWER' input port on a Summit board on which an Overo COM has been mounted.
- if you are booting from a microSD card, insert this card now until you hear it click in place.
Before applying power to the board, let's open up a connection to the console port. In Eclipse,
- navigate to Window->Show View->Other->Terminal->Terminal
- click on the 'N' connection icon in the window that appears
- make the connection using the following settings:
Connection Type: Serial Port: <port to which your Gumstix is connected> Baud Rate: 115200 Data Bits: 8 Stop Bits: 1 Parity: none Flow Control: none Timeout: 5
Hint: The port to which your Gumstix is connected will have a different name depending on your Host operating system.
- On Windows, it should be USB-COM
- On Macintosh, it should be /dev/cu.usbserial-xxxxxxxx where xxxxxxxx is an arbitrary string of characters
- On Linux, it should be /dev/ttyUSBx where x is a number.
Now, it's time to apply power to the Gumstix expansion board so plug the 5V wall adapter into the power input jack on the Gumstix. You should see text appear in this window; for now, just let the Gumstix boot. When prompted, you can log in to the root account. The default credentials are:
Overo
username: root
password: <leave blank>
VerdexPro
username: root
password: gumstix
Write 'Hello, World' à la Python
You are going to write a basic Python program for the Gumstix directly on the Gumstix; this is known as native development. Also, Python is an interpreted language which means you can run your programs directly without any compilation.
Once you have logged into your Gumstix, do these steps in the terminal window within Eclipse:
- open an editor on the Gumstix by typing: 'nano hello.py'
- type out this simple Python program: print "Hello, Gumstix!"
- press Ctrl+O, <Enter>
- then press Ctrl+X to save and exit.
- run your program by typing: python hello.py
- check that you see the words "Hello, Gumstix!" appear
If you see the words "Hello Gumstix", then you have just written your first program on a Gumstix Overo computer.
Create a Web Site
Each Gumstix comes with a built-in package manager called opkg. A package manager is a useful tool for installing software; you can install everything from media players to GPS mapping tools to the Firefox web browser. In this example, you'll use opkg tool to install a new application for your Gumstix: the Apache web server.
To make your own Gumstix web site, type the following in the terminal window:
opkg update <Enter> opkg install apache2 <Enter>
Before you start using Apache, which is now running, you'll need to find the IP address (internet address) of your Gumstix COM. To do this, type the following command into the terminal window:
ifconfig | grep 'inet addr' <Enter>
You should see something like this appear on your screen.
inet addr: 10.0.1.73 Bcast: 192.168.0.255 Mask: 255.255.255.0
The IP address of your Gumstix is the first address shown: 10.0.1.73 in this case. Now,
- open up a web browser on your host computer
- type that IP address of your Gumstix into the address bar
You should see something like this which is the default web site for Apache running on your Gumstix.
To make your web site say something more interesting, do the follow in your terminal window:
- type: nano /usr/share/apache2/htdocs/index.html
- replace the words at the top of the screen "It Works" with the words "Gumstix Rocks!"
- press 'Ctrl+O' <Enter>
- press 'Ctrl+X' to save and exit
- refresh your web browser
Write a Java Application
So far, you haven't actually used Eclipse other than as a console interface for your Gumstix. It is time to harness the power of Eclipse to write a small graphical Java application. In Eclipse.
- Navigate to File-> New-> Java Project,
- Name the project gumstix-java
- Select "Finish"
Once the project is created,
- Select File->New->Class
- Name your class Hello
- click "FINISH"
Add the following code to your class:
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
public class Hello {
public static void main(String [] args) {
JFrame frame = new JFrame("hello");
final JLabel label = new JLabel("hello from Gumstix");
frame.getContentPane().add(label);
frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
frame.pack();
frame.setVisible(true);
}
}
You should get something that looks like this:
Press the green run button to test drive our application on our host machine.
Hint: Eclipse has many auto-completion features. Simply typing /:*<Enter> before a class creates a standard documentation block. Likewise, pressing <Ctrl>+<Space> provides context specific auto-completion options. Many other hints for speedy development are explained in the tutorials here.
Upload Code
In Step 5 we discovered the IP address of our Gumstix. With this, we can connect to our Gumstix using the SSH protocol which allows us to rapidly transfer files. For this step, navigate to Window->Open Perspective->Other->Remote System Explorer and click on the connection icon in the Remote Systems panel on the left. Select SSH without shells as the connection type and press Next. Put the internet address you found in Step 5 into the field marked Host Name and hit finish. To test that everything is working correctly, right-click on the terminal item list under your new connection and select Launch Terminal. A console interface exactly like the USB console interface we set up in Step 3 should pop up.
Hint: A 'Perspective' is an arrangement of windows and widgets, that is a specific view of the Eclipse workspace, designed for a particular task. If you wish to focus on any particular widget, double click the tab in Eclipse; return to the previous view by double-clicking again.
By installing the VNC viewer plugin, we can get a graphical interface to our Gumstix system. Do this by adding the Tools for mobile linux runtime plugin (Help->Install New Software) from the main update site. To use, select the VNC viewer widget from Window->Show View->Other->VNC Category->VNC and click on the New Connection icon in the VNC Viewer panel. Again, the Host is the internet address of your Gumstix board.
Finally, we need to upload our java code before we can run it. Switch back to the Java Perspective (Window->Open Perspective->Java) and right-click on our Java file and selecting Export. Choose the option to export file to a remote file system and choose to upload your Hello.class file.
You will need to Browse to find your Gumstix board; you should upload this code to your home directory on the Gumstix.
Debug a Java Application
We can debug our java application remotely from Eclipse. To do this, we need a Java Virtual Machine capable of doing debugging. This time, the package we need isn't available in our package sources however we can fetch the package directly from a web site and install it using the same opkg package management tool.
wget http://bugcommunity.com/downloads/files/phonemeadvanced- personal-debug_mr2-r1_armv6.ipk <Enter> opkg install -force-depends phoneme-advanced-personaldebug_mr2-r1_armv6.ipk <Enter>
Let's also update our Java libraries so we have access to the standard graphical libraries.
opkg install classpath-gtk <Enter>
Next, let's start our Java code in debugging mode on the Overo:
java-cdc -Xdebug -Xrunjwdp:transport=dHt_socket,server=y,suspend=y,address=1234 Hello <Enter>
Finally, let's connect to our debugging session by navigating in Eclipse to Run->Debug Configurations and double-clicking on Remote Java Application to create a new configuration. Fill in the form as shown below using the internet address found in the previous step.
Install a native C/C++ SDK
When we discussed Python and Java we noted that both are interpreted languages--- neither needs to be compiled. C and C++ code requires compilation which can be done natively---on the Gumstix itself---or on a development machine using a cross-compiler. To do native compilation, you need to install a compiler as well as any required libraries. You'll need to be booting from a microSD card as this installation takes approximately 75MB of space.
$ echo 'src/gz angstrom-base http://www.angstromdistribution.org/feeds/unstable/ipk/glibc/armv7a/base' > /etc/opkg/angstrom-base.conf $ opkg update $ opkg install task-native-sdk
Firstly, we are adding a new package repository to our package manager and updating our list of available packages before actually installing the complete package needed to do native development.
Let's create either of the following files in Eclipse, upload the code and then compile on the Gumstix using our newly installed compiler.
C++: HelloWorld.cpp
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main () {
cout << "Gumstix runs on C++" << endl;
return 0;
}
Save the file and issue the following commands to compile and run HelloWorld.cpp
g++ -o hello hello.cpp <enter> Gumstix runs on C++ <enter>
C: HelloWorld.c
#include <stdio.h>
int main () {
printf("Gumstix runs on C\n");
return 0;
}
Save the file and issue the following commands to compile and run HelloWorld.c
gcc -o hello hello.c Gumstix runs on C
<TODO: More exciting examples using on-board LEDs.>
Use a C/C++ cross-compiler and debugger
In order to do C/C++ development on our host machine, we need to add in a plugin to Eclipse. Also, we need to download an appropriate cross-compilation toolchain. For now, I recommend the lovely instructions from
http://www.designarm.com/quickstart-guide/linux-software/eclipse.html &
http://www.bugcommunity.com/wiki/index.php/BUG_Kernel_Development_with_Eclipse
Further Reading
- Tutorials built into Eclipse
- Bitbake commander
- OpenEmebedded|Poky docs + Bitbake docs
- Eclipse Plugin Tutorial
